This aperture is usually centered with respect to the patch where the patch has its maximum magnetic field. The size of the antenna is reduced with large enhancement in bandwidth by defecting the ground plane and proper positioning of the patch with respect to the defected ground plane. The radiator and ground plane are on the two opposite faces of flame retardant fr4 substrate having thickness of 1. Also the center frequency of the antenna will change depending on the size of the ground plane. As we know, there exists a current loop between the patch and ground plane when the. Bandwidth improvement of microstrip patch antenna using partial ground plane is studied here. Keywordscircular microstrip patch antenna, dual operating frequency, impedance bandwidth, wideband patch antenna i.
Effects of ground plane size on a square microstrip patch. Introduction a microstrip patch antenna is a type of an antenna that offers a low profile, i. Its fundamental frequency can be tweaked utilizing the diameter of the annular ring patch antenna, where length and area of the ground plane, the patch and gap among them are taken into consideration. Size reduction and bandwidth enhancement of microstrip. The magnetic conducting patch and ground planes replace the electric conducting patch and ground plane.
Eshape microstrip antenna backed by pairs of slots cut ground. Study the ground plane effect of a multiband antenna for. This variant has better matching than the standard patch. Design of a compact dual band patch antenna with enhanced bandwidth on modified ground plane anitha p 1. In this article a broadband microstrip patch antenna is designed with slit incorporated in the rectangular ground plane. In this paper a microstrip patch antenna is designed with rectangular ground structure with slit loaded on the ground plane to both enhance the performance and reduce the dimension. The simple single element probe fed rectangular microstrip antenna fabricated on conventional ptfe poly tetra fluride ethelene substrate have many advantages except its narrow bandwidth. All those methods are proposed to enhance the bandwidth of patch antenna.
Ground plane monopole and marconi antennas are one quarter wavelength high. Design and simulation of a novel dual band microstrip. The antenna is fed by a microstrip center lined technique. Effect of slots in ground plane and patch on microstrip. Design and analysis of wideband modified circular patch. The basics of patch antennas, updated orban microwave. Abstractthis paper presents the effect of the slots in ground plane and patch on resonant frequency, impedance bandwidth, gain and side lobe. This paper presents effect of slots on microstrip patch antenna and its parameters. Enhanced bandwidth of uwb microstrip antenna using uslot.
What is the optmized size for a ground plane for micro. I think, the most popular shapes of the slot are u shaped slot and l shaped slot. Another variant of patch antenna with the partially etched ground plane, also known as printed monopole antenna, is a very versatile antenna. The tshaped ground plane 10 achieves the highest bandwidth when the width and the height of the cut positions are 8 mm and 4 mm, respectively, where the results can be seen in figure 8. The gain and hpbw varied periodically with increasing ground plane size, and were out of phase with. It has been observed as the slot length increases the resonant frequency shifted to the lower side by 19. The effect is shown on bandwidth, gain, radiation pattern, return loss, axial ratio and size of an antenna. Variation of slot length and width on ground plane.
Increasing microstrip patch antenna bandwidth by inserting. The effects of ground plane size on the characteristics of a square microstrip patch antenna designed on a lowpermittivity substrate with an air gap were investigated. To improve bandwidth of the antenna you can put an air layer of some thickness between substrate and ground plane. This design doesnt affect the frequency of operation. Effect of ground plane size on a rectangular microstrip. Ground plane has to be etched at the back side of fr4 substrate with permittivity of 4. Antenna characteristics such as impedance bandwidth and radiation beamwidths are investigated by varying the ground plane size. Secondly, the microstrip antenna was designed to operate at 100 mhz, but it is resonant at approximately 96 mhz. Eshape microstrip antenna backed by pairs of slots cut ground plane for wideband. The individual patches on taoglas active patch antennas can be tuned to take these changes into account. Whats the difference between a dipole and a ground plane.
The parametric study is done to study the effect of the ground plane slots width of 0. Patch antennas inherently have narrow bandwidth, which makes them have restricted areas of application. However when it is not possible to ground mount an antenna because of ground conditions or it is necessary to elevate the antenna, another solution is to use a ground plane. Bandwidth enhancement of circular microstrip patch antenna using different feeding techniques banuprakash. Because the impedance changes, the antenna will no longer be in the sweet spot the 50 spot, meaning that it will suffer impedance mismatch loss.
Mulgi 2 research student, department of applied electronics, gulbarga university, gulbarga, karnataka, india. From the results in figure 3a, the length of the ground plane will have only slight effect on the bandwidth. Further enhancement in eshape antenna bandwidth is obtained by. We selected the length of 15 mm for a wider bandwidth. Enhancement in the bandwidth is achieved by introducing the metamaterial phenomena instead of the single patch antenna is about 19. Citeseerx effect of slots in ground plane and patch on. Patch ground plane l shaped probe feed h w l y x z plastic post a perspective view b side view b a d c lprobe coupled patch antenna 36 % bw high crosspol in one plane. How to predict groundplane effects on patch antenna. Therefore, as you increase the size of your ground plane, you need to redetermine where to feed the signal so as to minimize impedance mismatch loss.
Effect of slots in ground plane and patch on microstrip antenna. The geometry of the proposed dual band rectangular microstrip patch antenna with hshaped defected ground structure in its ground plane is shown infig. Its not feasible to center the antenna in the devices i worked on, so wed kind of shove the antenna in the corner of the pcb. Bandwidth enhancement of circular microstrip patch antenna. Bandwidth enhancement of microstrip patch antenna using. With theproposed design, a maximum size reduction of 75% in the antenna is obtained with respect to the conventional microstrip patch antenna on an infinite ground plane. Pdf this paper presents the effect of the slots in ground plane and patch on resonant frequency, impedance bandwidth, gain and side lobe. The microstrip antennas have been designed on er 4. The patch is generally made of conducting material such.
A compact mpa has been presented with an increased bandwidth for x band applications. So the planar monopole antenna can be reflected as a dipole antenna. In this antenna, one corner of the patch or sometimes one edge is grounded with a ground pin. I understand that a patch antenna has a radiation pattern similar to the following picture from wikipedia when the patch antenna is centered over the ground plane. A single layer single element rectangular microstrip antenna on ridge ground plane for improved bandwidth is theoretically investigated with a view to develop a concrete physical insight in to the phenomenon. The proposed methods have advantage as well disadvantages. Ground plane effects the larger the ground plane, the higher the antenna gain in general. Pdf design of a compact microstrip patch antenna with. The characteristics studied include return loss, gain, halfpower beamwidth hpbw, and radiation pattern. In this paper the reconfigurable patch and ground plane used as a technique for enhancing band width of microstrip antenna, traditional rectangular patch microstrip antenna is used as a comparison for result with the proposed antenna design. Here rectangular patch and partial ground plane is used. Uwb square microstrip patch antenna for cband applications.
It can be understand for microstrip antenna in this way. Previously, chen et al 8 have described a small printed antenna with reduced ground plane effects for uwb frequency ranges. Further, a 2d double period electronic band gap ebg structure has been implemented as a defect in the metallic ground plane to get a wider impedance bandwidth. On the use of slots in the design of patch antennas. Also the centre frequency of the antenna will changes in size of the ground plane. The proposed antennas ground plane was varied as x 15 mm and y 39. Enhancement of bandwidth of planar microstrip antenna with.
However, finite ground plane increases the bandwidth of the antenna tremendously. Bandwidth enhancement of uwb microstrip antenna with a. Design of a compact dual band patch antenna with enhanced. The slots on the patch or on the ground plane will help to design a antenna with improved bandwidth and effeciency. Pdf reconfigurable patch and ground plane microstrip antenna to. Aperture coupled microstrip slot antenna couples the patch antenna with microstripline through an aperture or the energy of the stripline is coupled via the opening slot in the ground plane, and excites the patch. Effects of ground plane size on antenna gain electrical. The objective is to study the effects of a small ground plane on a planar invertedf antenna bandwidth and gain. The geometry of the patch antenna and ground plane, the fabricated patch antenna top and bottom layers is shown in. Ground plane size effects on a microstrip patch antenna for small. Ground mounted antennas are often very easy and convenient to use. Bandwidth the effective bandwidth of a gps antenna is usually measured by the.
Bandwidth enhancement of an insetfed rectangular patch. The position of the patch on top of the ground plane has effects on the radiation properties of the antenna similar to a variation of the size l. An improved uwb patch antenna design using multiple. Effect of ground plane for enhancing the bandwidth and. As reported in 30, a power division network was employed in a monopole antenna, and a 10 db bandwidth. The objective is to study the effects of a small ground plane on a planar inverted f antenna bandwidth and gain.
Performance analysis of a defected groundstructured. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. Effect of ground plane for enhancing the bandwidth and virtual size reduction of modified rectangular microstrip antenna syedarafath ara 1 and dr. Gps patch integration application note antenna solutions. Also like it was said, you can cut the slot in the patch. In other to enhance this narrow bandwidth, this paper combines the use of both the partial ground method and edgecut techniques of bandwidth. Effect of ground plane size on a rectangular microstrip patch. The antenna is designed following the conventional design steps by applying duality theorem to it in order to excite the te modes. This paper presents a microstrip antenna loaded with uslot. In 8 authors improved antenna bandwidth by 25% by inserting slots on ground plane and stacked patch supported by wall. Ground plane size the larger the ground plane, the higher the antenna gain in general. Abstract a square uwb microstrip patch antenna with reduced ground plane is designedfor c band applications. Ground plane size the larger the ground plane the higher the gain in general. The proposed antenna provides very good result such as high gain, large bandwidth, and.
The return loss and radiation patterns are shown in figure 10. Pdf in this paper the reconfigurable patch and ground plane used as a technique for. This article introduces the basic concepts of patch antennas. The effects of varying the size of the ground plane of a rectangular microstrip antenna, which can excite te modes, are investigated in this paper. Proposed antenna has basic square shape with microstrip feed line of 50 ohm. This antenna is often built of printed circuit board material and the substrate makes up the patch antenna s dielectric. Design of microstrip antenna array for improvement of fbr using. It has been observed as the slot length increases the resonant frequency shifted to the lower side by. It is not a thumb rule for considering size of ground plane. A compact monopole antenna with rectangular and triangular slots etched on the partial ground and the center of the rectangular patch achieves a wide usable fractional bandwidth of 148% in. The effect of simulated return loss, swept gain and radiation pattern of the proposed antenna have been obtained due to variation of slit dimensions. Rectangular patch antennas are notoriously narrowband. A comparison among the antennas with modified ground plane see figures 1b, 1c and 1d is shown in figure 9.
Rectangular microstrip antenna on ridge ground plane to. Bandwidth improvement of microstrip patch antenna using. The ground or radials are the other half of the antenna. In the following some results are reported for the patch moving on the diagonal of the ground plane, starting from the center see fig. The distance between the patch and the ground plane the. This feature has triggered an increased interest in finite ground plane based microstrip antennas for uwb applications.
The bandwidth of the traditional rectangular patch antenna is about 0. Bandwidth enhancement of uwb microstrip antenna with a modified. Because of these effects, the effective length of the patch antenna. A simple stubslot configuration is used in the patch antenna to get the dual band frequency response in the 5g midband and the upper unlicensed frequency region. This paper presents the effect of the slots in ground plane and patch on resonant frequency, impedance bandwidth, gain and side lobe. To investigate the effect of length and width of the slot on. And the effect of the coaxial cable, the changes of the impedance, and the. To achieve exactly the specified beamwidth and fronttoback ratio. Also the centre frequency of the antenna will change in proportion to the size of the ground plane.
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